Pretreated Screen-Printed Carbon Electrode and Cu Nanoparticles for Creatinine Detection in Artificial Saliva

Creatinine is the final metabolic product of creatine in muscles and a widely accepted biomarker for chronic kidney disease. In this work, we present non-enzymatic sensor based on an electrochemical pretreated screen-printed carbon electrode (PTSPCE) with electrodeposited Cu nanoparticles (CuNPs). To function PoC format, prepared PTSPCE/CuNPs sensors were used as disposable elements portable potentiostat. The pretreatment using mild anodic cathodic potentials PBS resulted increased electroactive surface area improved conductivity, confirmed by cyclic voltammetry impedance. Moreover, detection through CuNPs–creatinine interaction showed enhanced performance PTSPCE compared to bare electrode. optimized linear working range from 10 160 μM (R2 = 0.995), sensitivity 0.2582 μA·μM−1 LOD 0.1 μM. analytical parameters covered requirements creatinine biofluids such blood saliva, low interference common biomarkers urea, glucose, uric acid. When evaluated Fusayama/Meyer artificial average recovery rate 116%. According observed results, can potentially operate early screening system format.